Understanding Haemorrhoids

A hemorrhoid is an inflamed or swollen vein that causes discomfort and bleeding. They can occur both internally, inside the rectum, and externally, under the skin around the anal opening. Hemorrhoids are a common condition and can be caused by various factors, including straining during bowel movements, obesity, pregnancy, and a sedentary lifestyle. Symptoms may include pain, itching, bleeding during bowel movements, and a lump near the anus. Treatment options range from lifestyle changes and home remedies to medical procedures, depending on the severity of the condition. It's important to consult with a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and guidance on the most suitable treatment approach.


The symptoms of Hemorrhoids


There is a wide range of symptoms associated with hemorrhoids depending on the type and severity. Here are common symptoms associated with hemorrhoids:


  • Rectal Bleeding: One of the most common symptoms is the presence of bright red blood during or after a bowel movement. This bleeding is typically associated with internal hemorrhoids.

  • Pain and Discomfort: Individuals with hemorrhoids may experience pain or discomfort, especially during bowel movements. There is a range of discomfort from mild to severe.

  • Swelling or Lump Near the Anus: External hemorrhoids can cause a lump or swelling near the anal opening. This lump may be sensitive to touch and can sometimes cause pain.

  • Protrusion During Bowel Movements: In cases of prolapsed or protruding internal hemorrhoids, a mass may be felt or seen outside the body during bowel movements. It usually returns inside on its own.

  • Mucous Discharge: Some individuals with internal hemorrhoids may experience mucous discharge, which can cause further irritation in the anal area.

  • Inability to Control Bowel Movements (Severe Cases): In more severe cases or when complications arise, there may be difficulty controlling bowel movements, which is a rare symptom.



Types of Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids can be classified into two main types based on their location: internal hemorrhoids and external hemorrhoids. The classification is determined by where the swollen and inflamed veins are located relative to the anal opening.

  • Internal Hemorrhoids:

These are hemorrhoids that form inside the rectum, where there are fewer pain-sensing nerves, so they are less likely to be painful. Internal hemorrhoids can be further categorized into four stages based on their severity:

  1. First Degree: Hemorrhoids that bleed but do not prolapse (protrude outside the anal opening).
  2. Second Degree: Hemorrhoids that prolapse and retract on their own during a bowel movement.
  3. Third Degree: Hemorrhoids that prolapse and must be pushed back in by a doctor or the person themselves.
  4. Fourth Degree: Hemorrhoids that prolapse and cannot be pushed back in; they may contain blood clots or pull much of the lining of the rectum through the anus.

  • External Hemorrhoids:

The hemorrhoids develop around the anal opening under the skin. They can be itchy or painful, especially while sitting. If an external hemorrhoid prolapses to the outside (usually in the course of straining during a bowel movement), it might cause significant discomfort.

Additionally, some people may experience a condition called mixed hemorrhoids, where they have both internal and external hemorrhoids simultaneously.



Addressing hemorrhoids involves a multifaceted approach encompassing lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and sometimes medical interventions. By understanding the symptoms, types, and contributing factors, individuals can take proactive steps toward prevention and relief. While home remedies offer a starting point, seeking professional medical advice for severe or persistent symptoms is crucial. Ultimately, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and promptly addressing symptoms can significantly enhance one's well-being and alleviate the discomfort associated with hemorrhoids.

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